TUBERCULOSIS

Tuberculosis is an infections disease produced by several mycobacterium classes such as as bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

It usually affects the lungs first, but it may spread to other organs.

This disease is transmited by the saliva by people infected with pulmonary tuberculosis during the respiratory efforts like the cough, when speaking, singing or sneezing.

The symptoms of tuberculosis are: weight loss, fever, night sweats and loss of appetite, although the symptons of this disease depend on the organ affected. The treatment for the tuberculosis consists of a lot of antibotics, like the isoniazid ,which should be taken from six to nine months. The healthy habits that can help us to prevent the tuberculosis are the vaccination with vacine BCG and others like cover the mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing, if the people are infected.

Steam Engine

Steam Engine is an external-combustion heat engine that converts heat energy in steam to mechanical energy.
The first Steam Engine was invection per Eduard Somerset in 1663, since the Somerset's model was build in London a model called "Vauxhall" in 1665 in London. This project was to raise the water to the homes lighest in the construction.

In this year (1663-65):
- Battle of Villaviciosa, Alfonso VI of Portugal beat Felipe IV of Spain.
- Begin's reign of Carlos II of Spain.

The Steam Engine was very important for the industrial revolution and for the Steam Locomotive. In the actuality his mechanism is used in nuclear reactors.

The First Genetically Modified Human Embryo:

The First Genetically Modified Human Embryo: Advance or Abomination?
By Brandon Keim EmailMay 12, 2008 | 10:58:22 AMCategories: Bioethics, Biotechnology, Reproduction

Scientists have created the first genetically modified human embryo.

What does this mean to you?

Led by Nikica Zaninovic, researchers at Cornell University added a green fluorescent protein to an embryo left over from assisted reproduction. They destroyed the embryo five days later. It is believed to be the first documented genetic modification of a human embryo.

British newspaper The Times reports that Zaninovic's feat was announced at the American Society for Reproductive Medicine annual meeting in 2007, but was only publicized recently when the United Kingdom's reproductive technology regulators reviewed the research. The House of Commons is about to consider legislation permitting this and other controversial reproductive technologies, such as the creation of chimeras -- human-animal hybrid embryos.

The research raises a number of thorny ethical questions. Though adding a fluorescent protein was not aimed at enhancement, but rather to illuminate developing embryos, scientists say that modified embryos could be used to research human diseases. They say embryos wouldn't be allowed to develop for more than a few weeks, much less implanted in a woman and brought to term.

If the embryos were allowed to develop, genetic modifications -- which would be permanent and passed to future generations -- might prevent disease. Modifications might also be used for other reasons -- physical appearance, intellectual prowess, personality -- though the necessary science remains hypothetical at this point. Developing such techniques would necessarily entail trial-and-error and risk-taking with human life.

David King, director of Human Genetics Alert, a bioethics watchdog group, told The Times that

"This is the first step on the road that will lead to the nightmare of designer babies and a new eugenics. The HFEA is right to say that the creation and legalisation of GM embryos raises ‘large ethical and public interest issues’ but neglects to mention that these have not been debated at all."

So let's have that debate. What do you think, Wired Science readers? Should genetically modified embryos be used in research, but not reproduction? Both? Neither?

The Smallpox

The smallpox is an infectous disease that is caused by the virus of the smallpox. Smallpox normally spreads through contact with infectted persons. There isn`t any medicine but there is a vacine. The symthomes are that appear raised bumps, on the face and body of an infected person.

telephone

The telephone is a device of telecommunication designed to transmit vocal signs by means of electrical signs. For a long time Alexander Graham Bell was considered to be the inventor of the telephone. This happen in 1876. On June 11, 2002 the Congress of The United States approved the resolution 269, by which was admitted that the inventor of the telephone had been Antonio Meucci, who called it television, and not Alexander Graham Bell. In 1871 Meucci only it could, for economic difficulties, present a brief description of his invention, but not formalize the patent before the Office of Patents of USA.

Barbara Lamas Rey

3ºB nº8

TV

Of all those who contributed(paid) the most important they are the German engineer Nipkow, John Logie Baird, Ives , Jenkins y Vladimir Sworykin The original discovery of the " photo cables " in the middle of the 19th century (The word Television would not be used but until 1900). The first experimental life in USA. It(he,she) was in July, 1928 when from the experimental station W3XK of Washington, JENKINS began to transmit images explored principally of movies with certain regularity and with a definition of 48 Lines.

This transmissions were born to the television was of the mechanical order. The real revolution would not come but up to the beginning of the electronic TV begun with Sworykin's experiments.

MARTA TORRES GARCÍA

3ºB nº15

ENIAC

ENIAC is an English acronym of Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer, used by the Laboratory of Ballistic Investigation of the Army of the United States.

The ENIAC was built in the University of Pennsylvania by John Presper Eckert and John William Mauchly. It occupied a surface of 167 m² and it operated with a total of 17.468 electronic valves. Physically, the ENIAC had 17.468 valves, 7.200 glass diodes, 1.500 relay, 70.000 resistances, 10.000 condensers and 5 million welding. It weighed 27 tn, 2,4 m measured x 0,9 m x 30 m; it used 1.500 electromagnetic switches and ;relay it required the manual operation of about 6.000 switches, and their program or software, when it required modifications, it took weeks of manual installation.

The ENIAC elevated the temperature from the local to 50ºC. To make the different operations to the there was him to change, to connect and to reconnect the cables. This work could last several days depending on the calculation that was carried out.

The ENIAC had a consumption of 160 kW.

At the 23.45 of October of 1955, 2 the ENIAC was disabled forever.

AIDS

AIDS is an infectious disease. It's caused by HIV. Modes of transmission of AIDS:

• Sexual transmission
• Blood transmission
• Mother to child transmission

There is a tratament for this disease but it doesn't have a cure. The healthy habits to prevent this disease are:

• Use the condom in the sex
• Don't use intravenons drugs
• Visit your doctor regularly

The HIV was discovered in 1981 bu Luc Montagnier. It was discovered in France. The AIDS is a very bad disease. The sintoms of the AIDS are:

• Extreme Tiredness
• Fever
• It damages the immunological system.
• Loss of weight
• Diarrhea

AIDS ______> name of the disease

HIV ______> Human Inmunodeficiency Virus. Virus that causes AIDS.

Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis is an autoinmune disease. Although many risk factors for multiple sclerosis have been identified, no definitive causes have been found. M.S likely occurs as a result of some combination of both environmental and genetic factors.

Treatment for this disease: although there is no cure for multiple sclerosis, several therapies have proven helpful.

HEPATITIS B

The hepatitis B is an infectious disease. The pathogen that causes it is a virus (HBV= Hepatitis B Virus).

The hepatitis B is transmited through contact with the blood, the semen or another corporal liquid of a infected person and from mother to child.

Symptoms: fever, fatigue, muscle or joiny pain, loss of appetite, mild nausea and vomiting, yellow eyes...

There are treatments that help slow the progresion of disease by slowing down the virus, although not all people with chronic hepatitis B need treatment.

The disease can be prevented with a safe and effective vaccine. To prevent it, not sharing needles, razors, nail clippers, toothbrushes and earring or body rings, used sterile needles in acupuncture, tatoo...