Once extracted the oil is transported across pipelines and immediately petroleum ships up to the refineries. These are industrial plants where efectua the transformation of the crude oil in finished products.
In the refineries, the oil separates by means of distillation divided in groups of compounds that have a similar size.
The by installments distillation consists of the separation of two components different from the oil as susdiferentes points of evaporation. For it a tower of division is in use.
· The crude oil enters the base and is to top temperatures to 400ºC and begins to boil.
· The components more heavy stay in the low part of the tower.
· Less heavy others rise only up to certain height and there they become condensed and are extracted.
·Despues, every fraction can be submitted to new processes to obtain his last components
·The componientes mas liegeros rise up to the top zone of the tower where they are extracted.
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